Counseling HIV-infected patients can present great challenges to their physicians. Many HIV-infected persons enter the physician-patient relationship with significant emotional distress and numerous complicating circumstances. These complicating circumstances can include issues of sexual orientation and sexuality,…

As HIV infection progresses, it creates increasing immunosuppression, resulting in a predisposition to complicating opportunistic infections and neoplasms. The pattern of these complications can be predicted by following a patient’s absolute CD4+ lymphocyte…

With improving longevity for HIV-infected persons receiving antiretroviral treatment, but also acknowledging the finite durability of each regimen and a limited number of regimens, the optimal strategy for the use of antiretroviral therapy is crucial…

The clinical approach to the HIV-infected patient should be guided by several important principles. First, it is important to establish the degree of immunosuppression in every patient through the history and physical…

Treatment advances in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease have dramatically changed the management of chronically infected persons. Advances in three areas have…