The decision to screen women for breast cancer is based on the importance of the disease as a public health problem and the demonstrated ability of screening tests to meet acceptable…

The search for alternative methods of screening for breast cancer is stimulated by a desire to increase accuracy and to overcome some of the technical barriers associated with film screen mammography. We do not…

The usefulness of mammography is dependent on the proper use of dedicated mammography equipment, the diagnostic skills of the interpreter, and assessing and diminishing barriers to its regular use. These issues have been and are…

By convention, in the United States, most guidelines for breast cancer screening recommend that women begin screening at age 40 or at some time in their 40s. Guidelines that recommend screening beginning at…

The interpretation of a screening examination ultimately falls into one of two categories: normal or abnormal. These judgments, in turn, ultimately are divided among four categories based on either the determination…

Following are brief summaries of the major randomized trials of breast cancer screening. They represent study designs in which a large group of women was randomly assigned to a group that either would…

Evaluation of Breast Cancer Screening
The efficacy of a screening test is best evaluated with a population-based, randomized clinical trial with a mortality end point. Randomized trials eliminate the potential biases…

The decision to screen an asymptomatic population for preclinical disease is based on well-established, although not specific, criteria that relate to the disease in question and the characteristics of applicable screening test(s). The…

The importance of detecting localized breast cancer was recognized in the mid-eighteenth century by Henri Francois LeDran, who proposed that breast cancer originated as a localized disease that subsequently spread via…

Breast cancer is the most common invasive malignant condition affecting women in the United States; it is estimated to account for 32% of all cancers diagnosed in this population in 1994 [1,…

Background:  Survivors of childhood cancer are at risk for secondary breast cancer. Other than previous chest radiation therapy, risk factors for secondary breast cancer have not been established.

Objective: To identify risk…

The incidence of breast cancer is rising throughout the world.  Breast cancer is slowly becoming more prevalent in countries which previously had low rates of cancer as well…

Review of Clinical Gene Therapy Trials for Breast Cancer and MDR1 Gene Therapy Trial in Cancer Institute Hospital

Gene therapy for advanced breast cancer is anticipated to be a useful therapeutic approach.…

Obesity is one of the few risk factors for breast cancer   that   can   be   modified   throughout life.  Positive   lifestyle   choices   that   control…

Surgery
Obesity is associated with the need for more extensive axillary surgery in women with breast   cancer,  as   the   success   of   sentinel lymph node biopsy is inversely related to…

Size
Obesity is associated with a larger tumor size at the time of breast cancer diagnosis compared   with   women   of   normal   weight ^[34]. The poor prognosis of breast cancer…

In   this   review,  several   mechanisms   by which obesity affects the development and prognosis of breast cancer will be described.

Host factors such as estrogenic activity…

Obesity   has   a   causal   relationship   with various forms of cancer,  as concluded by the International Agency for Research on Cancer following a comprehensive review of epidemiological studies spanning…

What is the problem and what is known about it so far?
Women who have breasts that appear dense on a mammogram are at increased risk for breast…

What are some common nipple problems?

Nipple conditions are a common benign breast condition affecting many women. Some problems are related to lactation, while others are not. Like all breast conditions, any nipple…

Summary
Fibrocystic breast changes can be broadly defined as benign (noncancerous) changes in the breast. Originally referred to as fibrocystic breast disease, fibrocystic changes alone are no longer considered a disease, in part because…

Early menarche and late menopause lead to an increased total lifetime number of menstrual cycles. If women who experience menopause between the ages of 45 and 55 are…

A 1995 study from the NCI suggested that, according to the data available, approximately half of US breast cancer cases may not be attributable to the recognized risk factors such as…

According to the NCI’s Breast Cancer Risk Assessment Tool, these include:

A personal history of breast abnormalities. A history of lobular or ductal carcinoma in situ is associated…