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An experimental biomarker test developed by researchers at the University of Michigan more accurately detects prostate cancer than any other screening method currently in use, according…

A new study may explain why women with a mutation in the BRCA1 gene face up to an 85 percent lifetime risk of breast cancer.

Researchers from the University…

Digital mammography was much better than traditional film mammography at spotting breast cancers in younger women or those with dense breasts, U.S. researchers said on Tuesday.

The results confirm earlier…

Birth control pills can protect women against ovarian cancer for 30 years or longer after they stop taking them and have so far prevented 100,000 ovarian cancer deaths…

Psychological interventions for cancer patients do more than just ease emotional distress – they directly improve health, new research suggests.

A study of 227 breast cancer patients found that…

Health researchers are looking for solutions to a problem that keeps some women from getting routine breast cancer screening.

“Many women will not go or return for a mammogram because…

Anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN) as a precursor for invasive SCCA has emerged from the recent literature as one of the most important contributions to the field of anal…

While small tumours (<2 cm)  arising in the anal canal may be amenable to local excision, most patients present with lesions of greater dimensions. Thanks to the pioneering work of Nigro, it is now…

We report a rare case of lymphoepithelial cyst of the mediastinum. A 38-year-old woman was found to have a right paratracheal mediastinal mass on chest radiograph. Computed tomographic scanning showed a…

The use of regular, long-term aspirin and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) reduces the risk associated with colorectal cancer, according to a study published in Gastroenterology, the official journal…

The last 50 years have witnessed a dramatic decline in the number of cervical cancer cases, according to the National Cancer Institute. This trend can be primarily attributed to the…

A new study has found that cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption do not have an effect on ovarian cancer risk, while caffeine intake may…

A new study reveals significant racial and ethnic differences in the treatment and survival of patients with soft-tissue sarcomas, a rare but dangerous cancer that begins in muscle, fat, blood…

Men with localized prostate cancer who were treated with male hormone suppression therapy and radiation treatment had longer survival, but those with moderate to high levels of other…

Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal carcinoma (HNPCC) is an autosomal dominant disorder responsible for 3 to 5% of cases of colorectal cancer. Symptoms, initial diagnosis, and treatment are similar to other forms of colorectal cancer.…

Carcinoma of the anus is a rare malignancy that usually is diagnosed at an advanced stage, in spite of being easily visible and accessible. Its treatment has evolved from being mainly surgical to one consisting…

Adenomas of the colon constitute the great majority of polypoid lesions. The World Health Organization (WHO) has classified adenomas as (1) tubular, (2) villous, and (3) tubulovillous. Adenomas may be sessile,…

Relevant Physiology and Pathophysiology

Epidemiology and Incidence. A striking feature of colonic cancer is its geographic variation in incidence. The disease seems to occur primarily in industrialized Western countries. In the…

Most benign small intestinal tumors cause no symptoms and are incidentally found during radiographic or endoscopic examination, surgery, or autopsy.

Adenomas may be polypoid or sessile, similar to their colonic counterparts.…

Relevant Physiology and Pathophysiology
Carcinoid tumors are an interesting group of neoplasms that have their origin in the endocrine argentaffin cells in the small intestinal mucosa (argentaffinomas). They…

Relevant Physiology and Pathophysiology

That malignant tumors of the small intestine are quite uncommon is surprising considering the much higher frequency of malignancies originating in the large intestine and stomach. Liquidity…

The most common anorectal cancer is adenocarcinoma. Squamous cell (nonkeratinizing squamous cell or basaloid) carcinoma of the anorectum accounts for 3 to 5% of distal large-bowel cancers. Basal cell carcinoma, Bowen’s disease (intradermal carcinoma), extramammary…

Carcinoma of the anus represents about 2% of cancers of the large bowel. From 1950 to 1970, 20 patients were treated for this condition. Included were 113 patients with squamous cell carcinoma (31…

These tumors are relatively rare, comprising only 1-2% of all cancers of the anus and large intestine. Squamous cancers make up the majority of anal cancers. Squamous cancer involving the anal canal may…

The initial management strategy in patients who present with distant metastases from colorectal cancer is controversial. Commonly, patients are treated initially with surgery followed by systemic therapy, and…