The research reported by the Broad, Dana-Farber, and University of Pittsburgh group was supported by major funding from the Carlos Slim Health Institute as part of Project Sigma. The investigators also received funding for aspects of the work from the National Human Genome Research Institute, the National Cancer Institute, the Starr Cancer Consortium, the Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, and the American Cancer Society.

The research reported by the Johns Hopkins, MD Anderson, and Baylor group was funded by grants from the National Institutes of Health, the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, the Cancer Prevention Research Institute of Texas, the AACR Stand Up To Cancer-Dream Team Translational Cancer Research Grant, and the Virginia and D.K. Ludwig Fund for Cancer Research. Author disclosures related to royalty agreements may be found in the paper.

About the Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT

The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT was launched in 2004 to empower this generation of creative scientists to transform medicine. The Broad Institute seeks to describe all the molecular components of life and their connections; discover the molecular basis of major human diseases; develop effective new approaches to diagnostics and therapeutics; and disseminate discoveries, tools, methods and data openly to the entire scientific community.

Founded by MIT, Harvard and its affiliated hospitals, and the visionary Los Angeles philanthropists Eli and Edythe L. Broad, the Broad Institute includes faculty, professional staff and students from throughout the MIT and Harvard biomedical research communities and beyond, with collaborations spanning over a hundred private and public institutions in more than 40 countries worldwide. For further information about the Broad Institute, go to http://www.broadinstitute.org.

About the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute

Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (http://www.dana-farber.org) is a principal teaching affiliate of the Harvard Medical School and is among the leading cancer research and care centers in the United States. It is a founding member of the Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center (DF/HCC), designated a comprehensive cancer center by the National Cancer Institute. It provides adult cancer care with Brigham and Women’s Hospital as Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women’s Cancer Center and it provides pediatric care with Children’s Hospital Boston as Dana-Farber/Children’s Hospital Cancer Center. Dana-Farber is the top ranked cancer center in New England, according to U.S. News & World Report, and one of the largest recipients among independent hospitals of National Cancer Institute and National Institutes of Health grant funding.

About Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center

Since its opening in 1973, the Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center has led the world in deciphering the mechanisms of cancer and new ways to treat it. The strength of our research and treatment programs was recognized early on by the National Cancer Institute, becoming one of the first to earn comprehensive cancer center status and recognition as a “Center of Excellence.”

One of only 40 cancer centers in the country designated by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) as a Comprehensive Cancer Center, the Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center has active programs in clinical research, laboratory research, education, community outreach, and prevention and control. The Kimmel Cancer Center is the only Comprehensive Cancer Center in the state of Maryland.