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An immune stimulating agent, inosiplex, seems to be an effective treatment for genital warts of the cervix that don’t get better with conventional therapies, a small study suggests.

Conventional treatment…

A new systematic review compared regional and general anesthesia in women undergoing Caesarean section and their respective effects on mom and baby.

The review found little…

A woman in Idaho who said she developed a blood clot disorder after using the birth control patch Ortho Evra - made by Ortho-McNeil, a subsidiary of Johnson &…

Not enough women are being included in European clinical drug trials, despite the acknowledged gender differences in the effectiveness of treatments, say public…

Some women who experience moderate-to-severe premenstrual syndrome may benefit from treatment with low doses of anti-depressant medication, according to a new study led by a Virginia Commonwealth University researcher.

In…

About 1 in 100 babies delivered by cesarean section are injured in the process, a new study shows. The risk of injury is influenced by the reasons for doing the…

Taking a potassium citrate supplement to counteract the high acidity of the modern diet can lead to increased bone density in older women, suggests a study in the November Journal of…

Obese women may have an increased risk of oral contraceptive failure.

According to researchers from the United States, “Studies have suggested that obesity is associated with an…

Introduction
Vaginitis may be due to pathogens or to indigenous flora after a change in milieu of the vagina. Candidal vulvovaginitis and bacterial vaginosis (formerly called Gardnerella, Haemophilus, or nonspecific vaginitis) may occur in patients…

Improved health care access for noncitizens may help reduce breast and cervical cancer screening disparities in women.

According to researchers writing in the journal…

Adult weight gain is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer risk postmenopausal women.

According to researchers at the American Cancer Society,…

Acupuncture may offer women an alternative for easing hot flashes during menopause, preliminary research suggests.

In a study of 29 women with frequent, daily hot flashes, researchers found that those who…

In the adolescent, the aberrations associated with cyclical variations of mammary gland have little clinical expression. Indeed, in the early pubertal period, cyclical mastalgia is exceptional. But…

Ductal Ectasia: Anatomo-Physiologic Variation

Ductal ectasia is most frequent in middle-aged women. In adolescence, ectasia has been described as an exaggeration of sinus duct development, with an epithelium disposed in ‘accordion’…

The new ANDI classification is well suited to describe mammary hypertrophy. From normal breast volume to simple hypertrophy, or to major hypertrophy like gigantomastia, all the stages from normal…

Congenital Anomalies
Congenital anomalies may be uni- or bilateral and may involve the nipple, the breast or both. Breast abnormalities are classically observed along the line extending from…

Before the peri-menarchal period, the mammary gland consists of only a few ducts. During peri-menarchal development, the principal changes are duct sprouting and the addition of lobular structures. Estrogen induces connective…

The breast remains quiescent in the prepubertal stage and undergoes major changes at puberty under the influence of ovarian hormones. Estrogen increases adipose tissue and initiates stromal and ductal growth. Progesterone is probably important for…

Three major phases associated with the physiological processes of the mammary gland characterize this new classification.

Lobular Development between Puberty and 25 Years of Age
Lobular development is important…

Breast tissue originates from ectodermal layers. During the sixth week of embryogenesis, epidermal cells migrate into the underlying mesenchymal tissue and form primitive mammary ridges. These ridges initially extend from the…

A thorough understanding of the different mammary gland structures and their respective physiological roles helps to detect anatomic variations and diagnose breast disease at various ages. Mammary abnormalities may be classed as either…

Whether benign or malignant, functional or organic, fluid or solid, ovarian masses are the most common gynecological tumors, with benign tumors and functional cysts greatly predominating. The annual incidence of ovarian neoplasms…

The symptoms leading to diagnosis are varied and not necessarily specific to the pelvic region. They may follow a chronic course mainly marked by poorly defined pain, heaviness or a palpable mass. In…