Adverse Effects of Hormonal contraception
Therapy selection should be individualized and based on the patient’s specific needs and global related health risks.
In addition, for the management of these cases and the individual risk evaluation, specific knowledge is necessary about the particular pathologic entity and the possible contraceptive action.
In fact, the superficial evaluation can lead to refuse a safe contraceptive method when suitable, or to prescribe a hormonal contraceptive when hazardous. These circumstances, at the worst, could be object of serious legal proceedings.
Adverse Effects of Hormonal contraception
- Cardiovascular Effects
- - Myocardial Infarction
- - Stroke
- - Arterial Accidents
- - Venous Thromboembolism
- - Blood Hypertension
- Other Effects
- - Angioedema
- - Peliosis Hepatis
- - Severe Adverse Ocular Reactions
- - Vasculitis
- Moderate adverse effects
- Cancer Risks
- - Breast cancer risk
- - Ovarian cancer risk
- - Endometrial cancer risk
- - Cervical cancer risk
- - Colorectal cancer risk
- - Skin cancer risk
- - Liver cancer risk
- - Pancreatic cancer risk
- - Neurofibromas growth
- - Unclear cancer risks
- Hazardous prescription
- Hormonal contraception in female transplant recipients
- - Hormonal contraception in female kidney recipients
- - Hormonal contraception in female liver transplant recipients
- - Hormonal contraception in female heart transplant recipients
- - Contraception in women HIV infected
- Mild Adverse effects
- New Perspectives immunocontraception
- Contraceptive counseling
- Conclusion
Surveillance of the user’s health and follow-up are needed. Consequently, an accurate contraceptive counselling, a good experience in this field and an optimal knowledge of each contraceptive method, together with its potential adverse effects, are mandatory for a modern contraceptive strategy.
—
Rosa Sabatini and Giuseppe Loverro
Dept.Obstetrics and Gynecology,
General Hospital Policlinico-University of Bari, Italy
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