Nevertheless, some studies reported that the increase in activated protein resistance is greater with the patch than with either triphasic and monophasic COCs. ⁽⁹⁵⁾. There are no sufficient data concerning vaginal rings.

In conclusion, epidemiological studies have indicated a risk 2-fold increased of nonfatal VTE with use of HCs containing desogestrel or gestodene compared with LNG.

Therefore,  these studies not provide evidence for a cause-and-effect relationship   between   HCs-  containing   desogestrel   or   gestodene   and   VTE.

Enhancement by thrombophilic diseases, especially with factor V Leiden mutation of risk of deep-vein-thrombosis associated with oral contraceptives containing a third –generation progestagen has been reported ^{(62,66,82,90, 92)}. Until now, no sufficient and adequate data about the new formulations as patch, vaginal ring and combined hormonal contraceptives containing progestins with antiandrogenic properties were obtained.

—
Rosa Sabatini and Giuseppe Loverro
Dept. Obstetrics and Gynecology,
General Hospital Policlinico-University of Bari, Italy
—
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