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Systemic Hypertension

Essential Hypertension
• Systemic Hypertension • • Moderate or severe hypertension in children • Jul 25 07

Typically, essential hypertension is recognized in the third decade of life and progresses slowly over many years. Studies emphasize not only the strong familial incidence of essential hypertension but also that young children of hypertensive…


 

Approach to hypertension diagnosis
• Systemic Hypertension • • Moderate or severe hypertension in children • Jul 25 07

It is important to diagnose the cause of hypertension and treat it if it is significant, but equally important to avoid diagnosing or labeling a patient as hypertensive when pressures are normal or…


 

Hypertension Basic Mechanisms
• Systemic Hypertension • • Moderate or severe hypertension in children • Jul 25 07

Arterial hypertension is caused by a decreased compliance of the large arteries, an increased resistance of the systemic arterioles, or an increased cardiac output.

Isolated systolic hypertension occurs with normal arterial compliance and a…


 

Causes of Hypertension
• Systemic Hypertension • • Moderate or severe hypertension in children • Jul 25 07

The common causes of hypertension at different ages are given in Table 22-22. A more comprehensive list of the causes of hypertension is given in

 

Resistant Hypertension
• Systemic Hypertension • Jul 21 07

Resistant hypertension is defined in JNC 7 as the failure to reach blood pressure control in patients who are adherent to full doses of an appropriate three-drug regimen (including a diuretic). In this situation, the…


 

Is pseudohypertension or office hypertension likely?
• Systemic Hypertension • Jul 21 07

Pseudohypertension is found occasionally in older patients with generalized atherosclerosis leading to a stiffened brachial artery. In this condition, pressures obtained using a sphygmomanometer cuff are inappropriately high compared with intra-arterial…


 

Special Considerations in the Treatment of Diabetic Hypertensive Patients
• Systemic Hypertension • Jul 20 07

Hypertensive patients with diabetes are at particularly high risk for cardiovascular events. More aggressive treatment of hypertension in these patients prevents progressive nephropathy, myocardial infarction, and stroke. Treatment…


 

Hypertension - Developing an Antihypertensive Regimen
• Systemic Hypertension • Jul 20 07

Historically, data from a number of large trials support the overall conclusion that antihypertensive therapy with diuretics and β-blockers has a major beneficial effect on a broad spectrum of cardiovascular outcomes.…


 

Complications of Untreated Hypertension
• Systemic Hypertension • Jul 20 07

Complications of hypertension are related either to sustained elevations of blood pressure, with consequent changes in the vasculature and heart, or to atherosclerosis that accompanies and is accelerated by long-standing hypertension. Most of…


 

Goals of Hypertension Treatment
• Systemic Hypertension • Jul 20 07

Treatment should ideally be offered to all persons in whom blood pressure reduction, irrespective of initial blood pressure levels, will reduce overall cardiovascular risk (see above). Blood pressure targets for hypertensive patients at…


 

Hypertension Nonpharmacologic Therapy
• Systemic Hypertension • Jul 20 07

Lifestyle modification may have an impact on morbidity and mortality. A diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and low-fat dairy foods and low in saturated and total fats (DASH diet) has been shown to…


 
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