The testis biopsy is a useful adjunct in the infertility evaluation because it provides a more precise clinical diagnosis for several infertility disorders. Most commonly, the technique involves…

Many adjunctive tests are available to help evaluate male-factor infertility if the initial evaluation fails to lead to a diagnosis. One guiding principle in this era of cost-containment is to…

An evaluation of the pituitary-gonadal axis can provide valuable information on the state of sperm production. In turn, it can reveal problems with the pituitary axis that can cause infertility…

Laboratory testing is an important part of the male infertility evaluation.

A complete examination of the infertile male is important to identify general health issues associated with infertility. For example, the patient should be adequately virilized; signs of decreased body hair or gynecomastia…

Given that a male factor can be identified as the cause of infertility in 30-40% of couples and is a contributing factor in 50% of cases, it is important to evaluate the male…

Fertilization normally occurs within the ampullary portion of the fallopian tubes. During the middle of the female menstrual cycle the cervical mucus changes, becoming more abundant and watery. These changes facilitate the…