Men with disabilities 4 times more likely to be sexually abused than men without disabilities
Previous studies have documented that women with disabilities are more likely to be sexually assaulted than women without disabilities. A new study published online today in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine is the first population-based investigation to examine sexual violence victimization against men with disabilities. Researchers report that men with disabilities are more than four times more likely to be victimized by sexual assaults compared to men without disabilities.
“Men with disabilities are at a heightened risk for lifetime and current sexual violence victimization,” according to lead investigator Monika Mitra, PhD, Research Scientist, Center for Health Policy and Research, and Assistant Professor, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Massachusetts Medical School. “The most notable finding is that the prevalence of lifetime sexual violence, completed rape, and attempted rape against men with disabilities was comparable to that against women without disabilities, and past-year rates for men with disabilities exceeded those for women without disabilities.”
Dr. Mitra adds that “this study also broadened research of such victimization against men with disabilities beyond the intimate partner context to acquaintances and strangers, as well as family members, intimate partners, and dates. This is particularly relevant for people with disabilities whom earlier studies have suggested are especially likely to experience abuse from caregivers and personal care and other attendants, in addition to intimate partners.”
Investigators from the University of Massachusetts Medical School and the Massachusetts Department of Public Health used data from close to 22,000 respondents collected as part of the 2005� Massachusetts Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (MA-BRFSS), which is an annual health survey of noninstitutionalized adults conducted in collaboration with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
Approximately 13.9% of men with disabilities reported lifetime sexual violence, compared to 3.7% of men without disabilities, 26.6% of women with disabilities, and 12.4% of women without disabilities. Men with disabilities (5.3%) were more likely to report past-year sexual violence than men (1.5%) and women (2.4%) without disabilities and less likely than women with disabilities (6.3%).
Participants were asked (1) whether anyone ever had or attempted to have sex with them without their consent; and (2) whether in the past year anyone had touched them sexually without their consent/despite their objections or had exposed them to nonconsensual sexual situations that did not involve physical touching.
To determine disability status, respondents were asked whether they had limitations because of physical, mental, or emotional problems, any health problem that required use of special equipment, trouble learning, remembering or concentrating because of a health problem or impairment, or a physical, mental, emotional, or communication-related disability. Those responding yes to any of these questions and whose disability had limited their activities for at least one year were classified as having a disability.
• Among adults who are developmentally disabled, as many as 83% of the females and 32% of the males are the victims of sexual assault. Johnson, I., Sigler, R. 2000. “Forced Sexual Intercourse Among Intimates,” Journal of Interpersonal Violence. 15 (1).
• 15,000 to 19,000 people with developmental disabilities are raped each year in the United States. Sobsey, D. 1994. “Violence and Abuse in the Lives of People with Disabilities: The End of Silent Acceptance?”
• 49% of people with developmental disabilities who are victims of sexual violence will experience 10 or more abusive incidents. Valenti-Heim, D., Schwartz, L. 1995. The Sexual Abuse Interview for Those with Developmental Disabilities.
• In one study, 40% of women with physical disabilities reported being sexually assaulted. Young, M. E., Nosek, M.A., Howland, C.A., Chanpong, G., Rintala, D.H. 1997. “Prevalence of Abuse of Women with Physical Disabilities.” Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Special Issue. Vol. 78 (12 Suppl. 5) s34-s38.
• For individuals with psychiatric disabilities, the rate of violent criminal victimization including sexual assault was 2 times greater than in the general population (8.2% vs. 3.1%). Hidday, V.A., Swartz, M., Swanson, J., Borum, R., and Wagner, H.R. 1999. “Criminal Victimization of Persons with Severe Mental Illness.” Psychiatric Services 50: 62-68.
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The article is “Sexual Violence Victimization Against Men with Disabilities” by Monika Mitra, PhD, Vera E. Mouradian, PhD, and Marci Diamond, MPA. (doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2011.07.014). It appears in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine, Volume 41, Issue 5 (November 2011) published by Elsevier.
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