Obesity, which already affects more than 300 million people and an alarming number of children, must be recognized and treated as a disease with deadly complications, a leading expert said on Wednesday.

Up to 8 percent of total healthcare costs in some Western countries are attributable to Obesity and related problems. It is a leading cause of preventable death - so shedding excess weight is not just about looking good.

“Obesity is not an aesthetic problem. It is a very complex problem tightly connected to Diabetes, Atherosclerosis (blocked arteries) and other major health problems and causes of death,” Professor Constantine Tsigos, chairman of the 14th European Congress on Obesity, told ahead of the meeting.

“It has to be treated and confronted seriously.”
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Obesity Definition

Obesity is also defined as a BMI (body mass index) over 30 kg/m2. Patients with a BMI between 25 and 29.9 are considered overweight, but not obese. See also diet and calories.

More than half of the U.S. population is overweight. But being obese is different from being overweight. An adult male is considered obese when his weight is 20% or more over the maximum desirable for their height; a woman is considered obese at 25% or more than this maximum weight. Anyone more than 100 pounds overweight is considered morbidly obese.

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The four-day congress with 2,000 experts from 80 countries will focus on all aspects of Obesity. But much of it will be devoted to its consequences, which include cardiovascular disease, respiratory problems, Diabetes, depression and some cancers.

“The emphasis has been put on the complications to increase the awareness of obesity as a disease and a serious condition with many risks associated with it,” said Tsigos.

MULTI-BILLION POUND DIET INDUSTRY

Despite a better understanding of the causes of obesity, a multi-billion dollar diet industry and countless weight-loss programs and gadgets, the number of overweight and obese people is rising at an astounding rate.

In European countries, rates have soared by 10-50 percent in the last decade. In Japan, it has doubled since 1982 and in the United States the percentage of young overweight people has tripled in 25 years.

Tsigos stressed that prevention efforts must be geared to the young because excess weight in children is linked to early markers for metabolic syndrome - a collection of health risks that increase the odds of developing Heart disease, Stroke and Diabetes.

The symptoms include a large waistline or “beer belly,” high blood pressure, raised insulin levels, excess body weight and abnormal cholesterol levels. If someone has three or more symptoms they have the syndrome.

“We should target childhood and adolescents for prevention and treatment as early and as aggressive as we can,” he said.

Awareness of the problem has increased but he said some doctors still consider obesity as more of an aesthetic problem.

Two anti-obesity drugs, Roche Holding AG’s Xenical and Meridia ®, made by Abbott Laboratories, are already available and more treatments are in the pipeline.

Sanofi-Aventis has submitted its anti-obesity drug Acomplia for marketing approval with U.S. and European health authorities. It could be launched early next year.

A vaccine to help people shed excess pounds, made by Switzerland’s Cytos Biotechnology, is in early trials.

Tsigos said treatments are not only aimed at improving weight loss but achieving benefits such as reduced blood pressure, better insulin sensitivity and improved well being.

“This will make therapy for obesity more widely acceptable and probably even justified by insurances - if we can prove the benefits are not simple weight loss,” he added.